We Place Everything in the Unspoken: The Therapy Experiences of Black Gay Men
A doctorate research paper by Ben Amponsah (Glasgow Caledonian University)
Therapy should be a space for healing, self-exploration, and growth. However, for Black, gay men (BGM), this space often comes with unique challenges. My research sought to uncover the experiences of British-based BGM in therapy, exploring the barriers and facilitators to meaningful engagement. Through in-depth interviews with eleven participants, I identified key themes that shape the therapeutic journey for this population.
Barriers to Effective Therapy
Many participants reported difficulties in finding culturally competent therapists. The lack of Black, gay male therapists meant that clients often had to choose between therapists who shared their racial identity but not their sexuality, or vice versa. This led to concerns about whether their therapist could fully understand their lived experiences. Some also found themselves translating or simplifying aspects of their identity in sessions, fearing judgment or misunderstanding.
Therapists who failed to acknowledge race or sexuality—either by avoiding the topics or displaying a lack of curiosity—contributed to a sense of disconnection. Some participants described instances where their concerns were minimized, their intersectionality ignored, or where they felt the need to shield their therapist from difficult racial or sexual topics. This dynamic prevented open, authentic engagement.
What Works: Facilitators of Therapeutic Connection
Despite these challenges, therapy was still viewed as beneficial by many BGM. Those who found affirming, culturally aware therapists reported feeling deeply supported. Key factors that made therapy work included:
– Cultural Competence – Therapists who demonstrated an understanding of both race and sexuality were seen as more effective. Participants valued therapists who actively educated themselves and showed curiosity about their experiences.
– Therapist Identity & Representation – While not a requirement, having a Black and/or gay therapist was often seen as advantageous in fostering deeper connection and understanding.
– Validation & Affirmation – Therapy was most effective when practitioners validated participants’ experiences without making assumptions or requiring excessive explanations.
Changing the Narrative
Encouragingly, some participants noted that younger generations of Black, gay men are more open to therapy than previous ones. However, barriers remain. The visibility of Black, gay therapists needs to improve, and training programs should incorporate stronger frameworks of anti-racism and LGBTQ+ cultural competence.
This research highlights the importance of creating truly inclusive therapy spaces. Therapy should not be another site of exclusion but rather one of belonging and empowerment. The onus is on the therapeutic community to engage with these issues actively and ensure that BGM are heard, seen, and supported.
ARAP3 Dissemination Act Presentation
Ben Amponsah: bampon200@caledonian.ac.uk
Professor Jamie Frankis (research supervisor): J.Frankis@gcu.ac.uk